E  X  P  L  O  R  A  T  I  O  N      G  E  O  P  H  Y  S  I  C S     M  E  T  O  D  E  S     A N D     A P L I C A T I O N S

Applications / Methodes

Seismic

Electrical

Electromagnetics

Potential Metods

Other

Refraction

Reflection

SWA (Surface Waves Analysis)

Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES)

Electrical Resistivity Profiling

Electrical Tomography

Induced Polarization (IP)

Mise-a-la-masse

Frequency Domain (FD)

Time Domain (TD)

Metal Detection (MD)

Radio Frequency (RF)

Very Low Frequency (VLF)

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)

Magnetic Field Intensity

Magnetic Field Vector

Microgravity

Self-Potential (SP)

Radiometric Studies [Spectrometry]

Scan Sonar

Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) Video

Natural Geologic and Hydrologic Conditions

Aquifer Discrimination

S

S

S

P

P

P

P

P

S

S

Clay Layer Detection And Mapping

P

P

P

S

S

P

S

S

S

Dam Leakage

S

S

S

S

S

S

P

Depth to Bedrock

P

P

S

P

P

P

S

S

S

P

P

Depth to Rock Profiling

P

P

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

Delineate Landfill Perimet

P

P

S

P

P

Fault and Fracture Delineation

S

S

S

S

P

P

P

S

P

S

P

P

S

S

P

S

Identify Bedrock Features

P

P

S

P

P

S

S

S

P

P

P

P

Permafrost Thickness Measurement

S

S

S

S

S

S

P

Rock Layers

S

P

P

S

S

S

S

S

S

Sand and Gravel Deposit Mapping

P

P

P

P

P

P

S

S

P

S

S

P

Soil / Unconsolidated Layers

S

S

P

P

P

P

S

S

S

P

Soil and Rock Properties

P

P

S

S

S

S

S

S

P

Stratigraphic Profiling or Mapping

P

P

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

Mineral Exploration

S

S

P

P

P

P

S

S

P

P

P

Geological Mapping

S

S

S

P

P

P

S

S

P

P

P

Water Direction Mapping

S

S

P

P

Water Table Mapping

P

S

S

P

P

P

S

S

S

S

Inorganic Contaminants

Dense Hydrocarbon Plume Delineation

S

S

S

P

S

Brine Plume Mapping

P

P

P

P

S

Groundwater Contaminants

P

P

P

P

P

P

Ionic Contaminant Plume Delineation

P

P

P

S

P

P

S

Landfill Leakage

P

P

S

S

P

P

S

Light Hydrocarbon Plume Delineation

S

S

P

S

S

Map Soil Salinity

P

P

P

P

P

S

S

Saltwater Intrusion

S

P

P

S

P

P

S

Septic System Detection

S

S

P

S

P

P

P

P

S

Utility and Buried Objects Detection

Abandoned Wells

S

P

Buried Drum Detection

S

P

P

P

P

P

S

Buried Waste Characterization

S

S

S

P

P

S

P

P

S

P

S

P

S

Buried Weapon Detection

S

S

P

P

P

P

Cave Detection and Mapping

S

P

S

S

P

S

S

S

P

S

Dam Seepage Detection and Mapping

S

S

S

S

P

P

S

S

S

S

P

Disposal Pit/Trench Delineation

S

S

S

P

P

S

P

S

S

P

P

P

S

Drums and Underground Storage Tanks (USTs)

S

S

P

P

S

P

P

P

S

Concrete Studies

P

Fill Thickness Measurement

P

P

S

S

S

S

S

P

Landfill and Trench Boundaries

S

S

S

S

S

S

P

S

P

S

Roadway Pavement Evaluation

P

S

S

P

S

Rebar, Conduit or Cable Detection

S

P

P

P

P

P

Sinkhole Hazard Determination

S

S

S

S

P

P

S

S

P

P

Subsidence Investigations

S

S

S

S

S

S

S

P

S

Uncontained Waste Mapping

S

S

S

S

S

S

P

S

P

S

S

Unexploded Ordnance (UXO)

P

P

S

S

P

Utility Mapping

S

P

P

P

S

Voids and Cavities Detection

S

S

P

S

S

P

S

S

P

S

S

P

S

Well Siting

S

S

S

P

P

P

S

S

P

S

Privy, or Vent Shaft Detection

S

S

S

P

P

P

S

Archeological Surveying

Native Settlements

P

P

P

P

P

Native Mounds

P

Native Camps

P

S

P

Cemeteries

P

P

P

S

Historic Structures

P

S

P

P

S

Historic Complex

P

P

P

P

S

Trading Posts (Fur Trade)

P

P

P

P

P

P

Battlefield Archaeology

P

P

S

P

P

Lake and River Prospecting

Bathymetric Mapping

S

S

S

P

Concrete Leak Detectino

P

S

S

S

Pre and Post-Dredge Surveys

S

P

S

S

S

S

S

P

S

Lost Anchor, Dredge, Etc. Searches

P

S

P

P

S

Rock Depth Mapping

P

P

P

Pipeline Leak Detection

S

S

S

S

P

Pipe Or Cable Tracking

P

P

S

S

S

P

S

Tunnel Detection and Analysis

S

S

S

S

Underwater Drum or Disposal Site

P

P

P

P

Rock Fracture Detection

P

P

Tunnel, Bridge, or Pipeline Route

S

P

P

Sedimentation Studies

S

P

P

P

primary method

S

secondary or alternative method